What is a "variance" in relation to zoning laws?

A "variance" in the context of zoning laws refers specifically to a request made by a property owner to deviate from the established zoning requirements set forth by local regulations. This is typically sought when adhering strictly to the zoning laws would create an undue hardship for the property owner.

For example, a homeowner might seek a variance if they want to build an addition that exceeds height restrictions or if their lot does not meet the minimum area requirements for a particular type of development. The variance process generally involves submitting a formal application, often accompanied by a public hearing, to assess the justification for the request and its potential impact on the surrounding area.

The other options do not accurately define what a variance is. While public hearings may be part of the variance process, they are not the definition of a variance itself. A penalty for non-compliance with zoning laws signifies a consequence for failing to follow regulations, which is distinct from seeking permission to vary those regulations. Finally, a temporary permit for special events is different from a variance, as it typically pertains to short-term allowances rather than a modification of the zoning code itself.