What type of zoning is based on a city's authority to protect public health, safety, and general welfare?

The concept of zoning based on a city's authority to protect public health, safety, and general welfare is referred to as police power. This authority allows municipalities to enact laws and regulations that govern land use and development in a manner that promotes the welfare of the community. Police power is a fundamental principle that grants local governments the legal ability to regulate activities, including zoning, to prevent harm to the community and ensure safe living conditions.

This form of zoning encompasses a broad range of regulations including building codes, land use planning, and environmental protections, ensuring that urban planning aligns with the needs and safety of the public. Comprehensive zoning, while important, is more about the overall plan whereas protective zoning and prescriptive zoning focus on specific aspects that may not fully capture the overarching authority tied to police power. Hence, police power is the most accurate term describing the rationale behind zoning regulations aimed at safeguarding the public.